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NHS England Data Sharing Remote Audit: Our Future Health​

This report records the key findings of a remote data sharing audit of Our Future Health (OFH) between 02 and 06 December 2024.

Audit summary

Purpose

This report records the key findings of a remote data sharing audit of Our Future Health (OFH) between 02 and 06 December 2024.  It provides an evaluation of how OFH conforms to the requirements of: 

  • the data sharing framework contract (DSFC) CON-640689-Q9J6Q-v2.02 

  • the data sharing agreement (DSA) DARS-NIC-411795-X5N2V-v0.9  

  • the organisation’s own policies, processes and procedures 

This DSA covers the provision of the following datasets: 

Dataset Classification of data Dataset period

Civil Registrations of Death 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

Latest available 

Demographics 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

Latest available 

Emergency Care Data Set (ECDS) 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

2019 – 2027 Q2 

Hospital Episode Statistics Accident and Emergency (HES A and E) 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

2007 - 2020 

Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care (HES APC) 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

1997 – 2027 Q1 

Hospital Episode Statistics Critical Care (HES Critical Care) 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

2008 – 2027 Q1 

Hospital Episode Statistics Outpatients (HES OP) 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

2003 – 2027 Q1 

National Diabetes Audit 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

2003 – 2025 

NDRS Cancer Pathway 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

Latest available 

NDRS Cancer registration (pre-1995) 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

1985 - 1994 

NDRS Cancer Registrations 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

Latest available 

NDRS National Radiotherapy Dataset (RTDS) 

Identifiable, Non-Sensitive 

Latest available 

NDRS Somatic Molecular Dataset 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

Latest available 

NDRS Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy Dataset 

Identifiable, Sensitive 

Latest available 

The Controller is OFH and the Processors are Microsoft Azure Limited and DNAnexus Inc. Microsoft Azure Limited provides Cloud storage and DNAnexus Inc provide the Trusted Research Environment (TRE) software functionality.  The DSA allows the Controller to share data with other organisations under a sub-license agreement.  

OFH was formed as part of the UK Life Sciences Industrial Strategy. It is designed to be the UK’s largest ever health research programme with the goal to recruit up to 5 million adult participants from across the UK to create a detailed picture that reflects the whole of the population. 

The interviews during the audit were conducted through video conferencing.  

This is an exception report based on the criteria expressed in the Data Sharing Audit Guide version 4. 


Audit type and scope

Audit type 

Routine 

Scope areas 

Information Transfer 

Access Control 

Data Use and Benefits, including sub-licencing 

Risk Management 

Operational Management and Control 

Data Destruction 

Restrictions 

Access control - limited visibility of physical controls 

Overall risk statement

Based on evidence presented during the audit and the type of data being shared the following risk has been assigned from the options of Critical - High - Medium - Low

Current risk statement: Low

This risk represents a deviation from the terms and conditions of the contractual documents, signed by both parties. In deriving this risk, the Audit Team takes into account compliance, duty of care, confidentiality and integrity, as appropriate.


Data recipient’s acceptance statement

OFH has reviewed this report and confirmed that it is accurate.  

Data recipient’s action plan

OFH will establish a corrective action plan to address each finding shown in the findings table in section 2. The Audit Team will validate this plan and the resultant actions at a post audit review (PAR) with OFH to confirm the findings have been satisfactorily addressed. The PAR will also consider the outstanding evidence at which point the Audit Team may raise further findings. 

The Audit Team has identified 2 opportunities for improvement in section 3 which is provided for reference only and will not be followed up as part of any PAR.


Findings

The following table identifies the 3 agreement nonconformities, 2 observations and 1 point for follow-up raised as part of the audit.


Findings

Ref Finding Link to area Clause Designation

 

  1.  

Only high-level information on the datasets provided under the DSA has been recorded in the Information Asset Register (IAR). 

​​Operational Management​ 

DSFC Schedule 2, Section A, Clause 3.2 

​​Agreement nonconformity​ 

  1.  

OFH have staff with enhanced privileged access to systems and information. In many but not yet all systems privilege is subject to automatic expiration (acting as an access review), however in other systems the review for privileged access is not formalised and scheduled. This creates a risk that staff no longer requiring this level of access retain it when not required. 

​​Access Control​ 

DSFC Schedule 2, Section A, Clause 4.11 

 

​​Agreement nonconformity​ 

  1.  

A process for identifying and managing dormant accounts would enhance security processes. 

Access Control 

DSFC Schedule 2, Section A, Clause 4.1 

Agreement nonconformity 

  1.  

There is no reference to DSFC incident reporting requirements in OFH documents. 

​​Operational Management​ 

DSFC Part 2: Clause 4.1.8 

​​Observation​ 

  1.  

The OFH password standard follows national guidance on the complexity and recommended requirements for access to systems and networks.  However no mention is included of any action to be taken in the event of a major cyber attack.  

​​Access Control​ 

OFH Password Standard v1.0 

​​Observation​ 

  1.  

Within the DSA a declaration has been made that outputs from the cohort will be published in 2024.  At the time of the audit no outputs were evidenced. 

​​Use and Benefits​ 

DSA Annex A, Section 5c 

​​Follow-up​ 


Opportunities for improvement

The following table identifies 2 opportunities for improvement which could help an organisation improve its controls and processes.


Opportunities for improvement

 

Ref

Opportunities for improvement

Link to Area 

1

Additional monitoring of the automation that ensures organisational leavers and movers are removed from access to systems should be developed. 

Access Control 

2

All OFH policies and procedures would benefit from the addition of a review date section within each document.  This would support the timely review and change to these documents whenever an update in practice, law or a stipulated review period required it. 

​​Operational Management​ 


Use of data

OFH confirmed that the datasets were only being processed and used for the purposes defined in the DSA and were not being linked with another dataset.     

Data location

OFH confirmed that processing and storage locations, including disaster recovery and backups, of the datasets were limited to the location shown in the following table.  These locations conform with the territory of use defined in section 2c of the DSA

Organisation Territory of Use

OFH 

Worldwide 

Microsoft Ltd  

Worldwide 

DNAnexus Inc 

Worldwide 

Backup retention

The duration for which data may be retained on backup media is:

Organisation Media type Period

Microsoft Ltd 

Cloud 

30 days 


Disclaimer

The audit was based upon a sample of the data recipient’s activities, as observed by the Audit Team. The findings detailed in this audit report may not include all possible nonconformities which may exist. In addition, as the audit interviews were conducted through a video conference platform, certain controls that would normally be assessed whilst onsite could not be witnessed. 

NHS England has prepared this audit report for its own purposes. As a result, NHS England does not assume any liability to any person or organisation for any loss or damage suffered or costs incurred by it arising out of, or in connection with, this report, however such loss or damage is caused. NHS England does not assume liability for any loss occasioned to any person or organisation acting or refraining from acting as a result of any information contained in this report. 

Last edited: 18 March 2025 2:00 pm