National Diabetes Audit 2021-22, Young People with Type 2 Diabetes - Detailed Analysis Report

National Diabetes Audit (NDA; people of all ages) data was linked to National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA; young people attending specialist paediatric diabetes clinics) data to create a cohort of young people with type 2 diabetes from both data sets. Where necessary, to confirm the diagnosis and type of diagnosis, HbA1c and prescription (1) information were used.  

Due to the diagnosis validation steps used in this report, the cohort of young people with type 2 diabetes used in this report differs from that used in NDA Core Report 1 2021-22 (2,3).

For this report the cohort was split into the following age groups (4):

• ‘Under 12 years’, ’12 to 15 years’ and ’16 to 18 years’ to capture the variable clinical presentations amongst pre-pubertal children.
• ’19 to 25 years’ and ’26 to 39 years’ to reflect the early stages of adulthood.

For certain analyses, these age groups were compared to ‘40 to 59 years’ and ‘60 to 79 years’ age groups to understand trends across all ages (4).

A flow chart defining the young people with type 2 diabetes cohort for each audit year can be found in Methodology along with further details on how the cohort is defined.

Notes:

1. Prescription data for Semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist), Ertugliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor), Empagliflozin with linagliptin (SGLT2 inhibitor with DPP-4 inhibitor), and Saxagliptin with dapagliflozin (DPP-4 inhibitor with SGLT2 inhibitor) has not been included within the NDA drugs data collection. Therefore these drugs have not been included in the cohort for this report.  This means that individuals may have been omitted from the cohort when they should have been included.  Work is ongoing to ensure all glucose-lowering medication are collected and included in future publications.

2. The NDA Core Report 1 2021-22 uses the diagnosis type in NDA whereas in this report, a series of diagnosis validation steps are used to decide the cohort of young people with type 2 diabetes. See Methodology for details of this process.

3. Both reports cover the period 01 January 2021 to 31 March 2022.

4. These age groups align with those used for the first Young People with Type 2 Diabetes report: Young People with Type 2 Diabetes, 2019-20.

5. The NPDA audit year runs from 01 April the first year to 31 March the following year. For example, the audit year 2021-22 covers the period 01 April 2021 to 31 March 2022.

6. In the derived NDA central data set that uses all audit period data from 2003-4 to 2021-22 to select a person’s diabetes type, based on a set of rules that have been agreed with lead clinicians.

7. Includes intermediate and long acting insulin in a vial. These were not included when defining the cohort for the 2019-20 report. 

8. The NDA audit year runs from 01 January the first year to 31 March the following year. So for example, the audit year 2021-22 covers the period 01 January 2021 to 31 March 2022.

9. This means either:

• They were registered at a GP in England or Wales during the audit period and have a diabetes diagnosis in their GP records (NDA);
• They attended a specialist diabetes service in England or Wales during the audit period (NDA); or
• They attended a paediatric diabetes unit in England or Wales during the audit period (NPDA).