Publication, Part of National Diabetes Audit: Young People with Type 2 Diabetes
National Diabetes Audit 2021-22, Young People with Type 2 Diabetes - Overview
Young Type 2 Dashboard is now available
The NDA Young People with Type 2 Dashboard is now available. The latest data is available here: National Diabetes Audit dashboards.
11 October 2024 09:00 AM
Changes to NDA reporting
NHS England are currently reviewing the routine production of NDA State of the Nation reports. Please note that data will still be released via dashboards and standalone data files whilst this review is being conducted.
To help inform this review we would be grateful if users can provide feedback on their use of the State of the Nation reports using the feedback survey available in the ‘Related links' section of this page.
3 June 2014 00:00 AM
Additional information
Definitions
Statistical terms
Where a result is flagged as significant at 0.05 level, there is up to a 5% probability of the observed result being due to chance.
Logistic regression is used to examine the relationship between an outcome (e.g. achieving an HbA1c ≤ 58 mmol/mol) and related variables (e.g. diabetes duration).
For this report, each variable is split into groups (e.g. ethnicity is split into white, Asian, black, mixed, other and not stated). One of these groups is chosen to be the reference group which all other groups within the variable are compared to. The reference groups used in the models in this report are:
| Variable | Reference group |
| Sex | Male |
| Deprivation | Least deprived |
| Ethnicity | White |
| Diabetes duration | Less than 2 years |
| BMI | Healthy weight |
2 outputs are particularly useful when interpreting the results of a logistic regression model:
- The c statistic can be used to assess the goodness of fit, with values ranging from 0.5 to 1.0. A value of 0.5 indicates that the model is no better than chance at making a prediction of membership in a group and a value of 1.0 indicates that the model perfectly identifies those within a group and those not. Models are typically considered reasonable when the c statistic is higher than 0.7 and strong when the c statistic exceeds 0.8 (Hosmer and Lemeshow, 2000 (1)).
- Odds ratios (OR) illustrate how strongly a particular value of a variable is associated with the outcome. The further from 1 the ratio is (either above or below), the stronger the association between it and the outcome. For example, an odds ratio of 0.764 would suggest a stronger association than an odds ratio of 0.830. An odds ratio of 1 would show that the variable value has no bearing on how likely the outcome is.
The degree of uncertainty inherent in the odds ratio is described by the confidence interval. The wider the confidence interval, the less certainty there is in the odds ratio. If the confidence intervals are either side of 1 (the line of no effect) this indicates that the value taken by the variable (e.g. unknown diabetes duration) has no bearing on how likely the outcome is (e.g. achieving an HbA1c ≤ 58 mmol/mol). Where the confidence interval approaches 1 this indicates that the association with the outcome may be weak. Odds ratios can be displayed on a forest plot (see example forest plot in Figure 7 below).
Figure 6: Forest plot showing odds ratios indicating how strongly variables are associated with the outcome:
Notes:
1. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S (2000) Applied Logistic Regression (2nd Edition) New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Notes and additional information
- Disclosure control has been applied to mitigate the risk of patient identification.
- Zeros are reported, and all numbers are rounded to the nearest 5, unless the number is 1 to 7, in which case it is rounded to 5. This allows for more granular data to be made available.
- Rounded numbers are used to calculate percentages therefore numbers may not sum as expected.
- Percentages are not calculated where the rounded denominator is 20 or less (small denominators), and where numbers are small percentages are volatile and should be treated with caution.
- For the majority of the analysis, the analysis covers the 2021-22 audit year. For the trend analysis, the analysis covers 5 years of analysis, 2017-18 to 2021-22.
- The National Diabetes Audit (NDA) years covered are 2017-18 to 2021-22 which covers the period 01 January 2017 to 31 March 2022.
- The National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) years covered are 2017-18 to 2021-22 which covers the period 01 April 2017 to 31 March 2022.
- NDA data is available for all work streams (1). Improvement methodologies have been advocated since 2016/17 (2,3). Presently the NDA is supporting application of these principles via Quality Improvement Collaboratives (4). We recommend that ICBs advocate and support use of these approaches to improving overall achievements and reducing variation.
Notes:
Prepared in collaboration with:
The National Diabetes Audit (NDA) is commissioned by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) as part of the National Clinical Audit and Patient Outcomes Programme (NCAPOP). HQIP is led by a consortium of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, the Royal College of Nursing, and National Voices. Its aim is to promote quality improvement in patient outcomes, and in particular, to increase the impact that clinical audit, outcome review programmes and registries have on healthcare quality in England and Wales. HQIP holds the contract to commission, manage, and develop the National Clinical Audit and Patient Outcomes Programme (NCAPOP), comprising around 40 projects covering care provided to people with a wide range of medical, surgical and mental health conditions. The programme is funded by NHS England, the Welsh Government and, with some individual projects, other devolved administrations and crown dependencies.
NHS England managed the publication of the annual report.
The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) is the membership body for paediatricians in the UK and around the world. Founded in 1996 and now with about 19,000 members in the UK and internationally, it plays a major role in postgraduate medical education, professional standards, research and policy.
Diabetes UK is the charity leading the fight against the most devastating and fastest growing health crisis of our time, creating a world where diabetes can do no harm.
National Diabetes Audit, 2021-22 Young People with Type 2 Diabetes
Last edited: 11 October 2024 9:04 am