NHS Maternity Statistics, England, 2022-23

Accuracy

The MSDS is a rich, person level data set that records packages of care received by individuals in contact with NHS-funded maternity services. NHS England provides a number of different reports at different stages in the data flow to ensure that the submitted data reflects the services that have been provided:

For data suppliers only:

At the point of submission:

• Providers receive immediate feedback on the quality of their submission through a validation file. This file includes record-level reports of any submission errors, giving the data providers detailed information about which records produced which errors.

On receipt of processed data by NHS England:

• A variety of data quality checks are run as part of the validation and load process for monthly data, prior to production of the monthly release. Where there are concerns about data quality we contact providers directly so that any issues with local data extraction processes can be addressed for a future submission.

For all users:

As part of the monthly MSDS publications and this annual maternity statistics publication, we publish a CSV file of the data quality of submissions from maternity service providers.

Users of the data must make their own assessment of the quality of the data for a particular purpose, drawing on these resources.

In addition, local knowledge, or other comparative data sources, may be required to distinguish changes in volume between reporting periods that reflect changes in service delivery from those that are an artefact of changes in data quality.

Reliability

Coverage – are all eligible providers submitting data?

All providers of NHS-funded maternity services should submit MSDS data. However, at present not all providers are making submissions. 

All trusts made a submission. However some trusts submitted a limited number of tables.

This publication reports on activity that was submitted for the April 2022 to March 2023 reporting period. As a national level data set there are a number of issues in terms of non-response from providers which in turn has an impact on the geographical coverage expected of the data set, hence caution should be taken when interpreting the data at levels higher than individual provider level.

Because of this, no figures derived from the MSDS data have been presented as England total figures, rather they are presented in terms of all providers who submitted data to the MSDS for the reporting period in question. While the number of submitting providers is all we expect, the number of providers submitting valid data for each data table and data item varies widely. Totals therefore continue to be presented as 'all submitters' values, and users of the data should consider the coverage for the relevant analysis when interpreting the data.

Coverage – is data for all eligible people included in the submission?

Local knowledge may be required to assess the completeness of a submission, based on information about local caseload. This publication provides detailed information about activity and providers and commissioners are encouraged to review this to ensure that submissions accurately reflect the local situation. Providers should also use all the aggregate record counts produced at the point of submission as part of the Data Summary Reports to check coverage in key areas (e.g. number of booking appointments.)

Where an organisation is submitting delivery data to MSDS, the number of births reported in a month can be compared to the 2022-23 monthly average number of births in HES to review the levels of activity reported in the MSDS for each organisation (noting that MSDS is not limited to births in hospital). Where an organisation is not yet submitting delivery data to MSDS, a similar comparison can be made using the number of booking appointments in the month, bearing in mind that not all booking appointments will lead to a birth for that pregnancy within a reporting organisation.

Duplication

Validations are in place to ensure that there is only one booking appointment for each woman submitted to NHS England per organisation for the particular reporting period. It is possible that one woman may have multiple booking appointments recorded for the same pregnancy for different providers. For any calculated total value presented in this report a woman is only counted once in relation to the activity related to the booking appointment. For example, if a woman is reported for a booking appointment by two separate organisations within the same NHS England Region then they would be counted in any total for each of these providers presented at the provider level but would only be counted once for the overall NHS England Region. However, if the woman was reported by two separate providers within two separate NHS England Regions then they would be counted in the overall total calculated for each NHS England Region.

If a woman is reported for a booking appointment by two separate organisations within the same NHS England Region and different data are submitted by each provider then this woman may be counted twice for the overall NHS England Region total. For example, where a woman has an age recorded as 39 by one provider and 40 by another provider this woman would be counted in the NHS England Region total twice, once in the '35 to 39' age group and once in the '40 to 44' age group.

Similarly, a baby reported by two separate organisations within the same NHS England Region with an Apgar score at 5 minutes of 6 recorded by one provider and 8 by another provider would be counted in the NHS England Region total twice, once in the '0 to 6' group and once in the '7 to 10' group.

Timeliness of recording events on local systems

Whilst local systems may be continuously updated, the MSDS submission process provides a time-limited opportunity for data relevant to each month to be submitted. The submission window opens the day after the reporting month and remains open for two months. This means that the timeliness of recording all relevant activity on local systems has an impact on the completeness of the MSDS submission. For example, a booking appointment made in May 2022, but not entered onto the local system until August 2022, will not have been included in the May 2022 submission (deadline end of July 2022). Providers should use the data summary reports produced at the point of submission to ensure that all relevant data has been included.

The submission requirements for MSDS are that all appropriate activity (e.g. booking appointment, dating scans, etc.) be included in the submission for each month in which they start, continue or end. It is important that data providers ensure that NHS numbers are submitted consistently because this is a key piece of information for creating the person identifiers in our records.

Quality of experimental analysis

It should be noted that these statistics are presently experimental in nature and are likely to be subject to further refinement; reference should be made to all accompanying footnotes and commentary when using these statistics.

Annual analysis from the MSDS is published alongside annual HES data, which are published as early as possible after the annual HES submission deadline. This report will be published on the pre-announced publication date.

NHS England also publishes maternity data from HES as part of this release.

As the number of deliveries recorded in the MSDS for 2022-23 is 97 per cent of the number of deliveries recorded in HES, some differences are likely to be found when comparing analysis common to both sources. This report contains some comparisons between certain data common to both data sets. In April 2019 the MSDS transitioned to a new version of the dataset. Due to this change, data from 2019-20 onwards are not directly comparable to earlier years of MSDS data

Breastfeeding initiation

NHS England have a historical data collection on mothers initiating breastfeeding by NHS Trust and by CCG, which went up to March 2017. The MSDS reports the baby's first feed, which differs from the definition of initiation in the NHS England collection, so data is not exactly comparable between the two sources.

The official statistics for breastfeeding prevalence at 6 to 8 weeks after birth are produced quarterly and annually by the Office of Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID). This aggregate data is collected through an interim reporting system set up to collect health visiting activity data at a local authority level and is submitted by local authorities on a voluntary basis. While coverage is generally good, the data quality has not reached the desired level to remove the experimental statistics status.

NHS England publish CQIMBreastfeeding6to8weeks data in the monthly Maternity Services Monthly Statistics which is an experimental use of record level data from the (CSDS) and the (MSDS) to begin to produce a comparable and more powerful statistic to that currently published by OHID. The CQIMBreastfeeding6to8weeks was first introduced in the publication of March 2022 data. Record level data supports reporting on inequalities such as deprivation and ethnicity. The longer-term strategic solution for data collection and reporting for these metrics is the Community Services Dataset (CSDS) which will eventually replace the statistics currently published by OHID. While the CSDS is operational and reporting is underway, providers remain at different stages of maturity with their submissions and additional time is needed for this dataset to reach sufficient coverage. For this reason, it has been agreed that OHID’s interim reporting arrangements will continue for now.

Office for National Statistics

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) also publishes annual data on births (live births and stillbirths) in England and Wales. These data are collated from local registrar records and are the most complete data source available. The latest publication for these data can be found here. ONS data is published by calendar year.

A comparison of the number of births (live births and stillbirths) recorded by ONS, HES, and MSDS for 2022 shows that both HES and MSDS do not capture as many births as the ONS annual data. It is always expected that there will be a small difference in total birth counts as the ONS figures will include births not taking place in NHS Hospitals and those not taking place under the care of NHS Maternity Services, however the scale of the difference suggests that there is under-recording taking place possibly in both healthcare datasets and particularly in MSDS. The ONS are the official source of National Statistics on birth counts in England.

All figures shown are for England and for the year 2022. These are for counts of births (babies born) to enable comparisons to be made with ONS figures, and are different to the counts of deliveries which form the majority of the content published in this report for HES and MSDS datasets.

For both ONS and MSDS data, births are reported based on whether the date of birth falls within the time period given. There is a very small methodology difference with HES data, where births are reported based on when the episode of care finished. Therefore, there will be a very small number of HES birth episodes counted in the above table where the birth took place in very late 2021 but the episode of care ended in 2022, and conversely a very small number of birth episodes not included where the birth was within 2022 but the episode of care ended in 2023.

Accessibility

Alongside this background quality document, an executive summary is made freely accessible via this NHS Digital website as the publication's HTML landing page together with supporting MSDS data files in machine-readable format (with an accompanying metadata document).

Re-use of our data is subject to conditions outlined here: https://digital.nhs.uk/about-nhs-digital/terms-and-conditions

Data Services for Commissioners Regional Offices (DSCROs) can obtain a record level extract of data relevant to the Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) that they support and can share data with these CCGs subject to the relevant data sharing agreements being in place. Information about DSCROs is available from https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-services-for-commissioners-dsfc 

Clarity

The data file is presented as a CSV file, with an accompanying metadata file in MS Excel format. A broad definition of each measure, including the data items used in the analysis and constructions and current or intended uses are provided. Terminology is defined where appropriate.

Full details of the way that MSDS returns are processed, which will be of use to analysts and other users of these data, are provided in the MSDS User Guidance, available on this NHS Digital website: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-sets/maternity-services-data-set 

In order to prevent disclosure of identities or information about service users, all figures for all organisations which submitted, are rounded to the nearest 5. All figures between 1 and 7 are rounded to 5. 

The aggregate underlying data provides a much greater scope of analysis and will support a variety of local uses as well as meeting our obligations under the Code of Practice for Statistics and the Transparency Agenda.

NHS England is publishing the information in a HTML format, whilst supporting the Open Data initiative by also publishing data in a machine-readable format. By publishing a range of clearly defined measures in a timely fashion we hope to support discussions between providers and commissioners about caseload and activity and promote a virtuous cycle of improving data quality, through use.

For MSDS version 2.0 analysis, we have stopped producing the basic suite of data tables as part of this publication. However, the machine-readable data file is very detailed and allows data users to easily produce custom tabulations as required for their own analytical purposes. Some figures are also produced in an interactive dashboard accompanying this publication.

NHS Digital, prior to the merger with NHS England in 2023, held a number of workshops for maternity service providers and system suppliers, providing updates on the development of the data set and allowing clinicians, system administrators and informatics staff to provide feedback during the development stage. NHS England continues to hold regular workshops and webinars with service providers and system suppliers, providing updates on data quality and future development of the data set, and obtaining feedback on use of the data. 

NHS Digital also held workshops with analysts who used MSDS data and other maternity data to seek feedback to inform further development of the monthly reports and other outputs and encourage wider use of MSDS data.

We welcome feedback on any data releases from the MSDS, which can be sent to us via [email protected].

As a 'secondary uses' data set, the MSDS does not require the collection of new data items by maternity providers. It re-uses existing clinical and operational data for purposes other than direct patient care.

Providers are not required to submit data held only on paper records as no provision has been made in the MSDS for the cost of transcribing these records to an electronic format.

Only three of the data tables are required to flow in every MSDS submission (MSD001, MSD002 and MSD101); completion of the remaining tables is only necessary when activity has occurred that is captured within these tables.

All publications are subject to a standard NHS Digital risk assessment prior to issue. Disclosure control is implemented where deemed necessary.

Please see links below to relevant NHS Digital policies, these will be replaced with new combined NHS England policies in time:

Statistical governance policy [Archive Content]

Freedom of information process

A guide to confidentiality in health and social care

Privacy and data protection