Appendix additional stakeholder personas and Wi-Fi roaming use cases

With no roaming

As a medical student, I want to use interactive and newer learning methods such as virtual reality not only at the university medical hospital, so I can learn at leisure, at my chosen times.

I wish to perform medical procedures under the supervision of my instructors, not only at my university medical hospital. I want to practice these procedures in other locations too. I also want feedback from instructors irrespective of where I am practicing. This will enhance my learning and help me apply learnings in real-world scenarios. Real-time feedback will also help hone my skills to perfection then and there.

I want to have access to online resources such as educational videos and e-journals not only during school hours. This will enable me to work even after I leave the university premises

With limited roaming 

I can use interactive learning methods in clinical placement locations and in the university library or my dorm.

I can be supervised physically or virtually by specialists and perform procedures using tools such as augmented reality to simulate real-life scenarios at my university hospital or at clinical placement locations.

I can receive feedback online or in person from any instructor available in these locations.

I can access online resources at select locations even if I am not on the university premises.

With universal roaming

I can use interactive learning methods in the university hospital, in the dorms, in clinical placement locations, the university library and even in certain community settings.

I can be supervised physically or virtually by specialists and perform procedures using tools such as augmented reality to simulate real-life scenarios in certain community settings.

I can receive feedback online or in person from any instructor available in the university hospital or in the clinical placement locations.

I can access online resources out of hours in multiple locations near my residence.

With no roaming

As a community health care worker, I wish to access patient data in real-time during travel from one client location to another. This will help me prepare for the visit and deliver better, personalised care.

I need to physically check the patient status and their vitals and record these manually to the patient record. This might increase errors, create a lag in recording critical data and compromise the confidentiality of information and the privacy of the patient.

I want to relay emergencies over a call from the patient’s location. This will avoid delays in timely interventions and ensure that first responders are dispatched immediately. 

I wish to use secured connection for discussing sensitive, confidential information with other health care specialists from the client location. This will help me collaborate seamlessly with other members of my patient’s healthcare team and reduce the time taken to deliver care by prioritising the patients’ well-being.

With limited roaming 

I have real-time access to patient data that can be securely shared with other healthcare professionals in real-time from selected locations.

I can access the patient’s electronic medical records only at select locations and still need to manually record data.

Emergencies can be relayed from select locations near the client’s location.

I can use a secured connection to discuss sensitive and confidential information and collaborate with other healthcare specialists only if I visit select locations.

With universal roaming

I have real-time access to patient data that can be securely shared with other healthcare professionals from multiple locations. This makes it possible for me to access these resources even while travelling.

The care team can monitor health status and vitals remotely and this data is auto-populated to the patient’s electronic medical records.

Emergencies can be auto-triggered by remote monitoring devices or by the patient themselves.

I can securely discuss confidential data and collaborate with multiple teams and professionals in multiple locations even near the client location.

With no roaming

As a patient, I want to access health records or test reports easily even without having to visit a hospital or waiting to receive communication via mail. This will help me stay on top of my care and be proactive at all times.

As a person living alone in a care home, I am usually isolated and lonely. I want to stay connected with my family and friends and spend time doing leisure activities without having to leave my home. This will improve my mental health and keep me occupied.

I wish to receive immediate care without having to wait long hours for a doctor to see me. I also wish key resources were made available to me when I need them and processes at the NHS facility are more streamlined. This will help avoid delays in my care that can potentially endanger my life.

I feel isolated from my family and friends when admitted to a facility. I wish to be in touch with them, this will help me feel better and recover faster.

With limited roaming 

I can access the NHS app, my health records, and test reports and be informed about my health at select locations.

I live alone but can use the Wi-Fi roaming services to report symptoms, call for help, track health parameters, tele-consult their healthcare provider, watch videos or engage in other recreational activities from select locations.

I can virtually consult a doctor from select locations based on the symptom I have; I do not have to wait long hours to meet the doctor or access care. During emergencies, I am attended to faster, and I feel the overall management of care at all levels is better and that resource availability is improved.

I can stay in touch with loved ones via calls and videos and my carers can also monitor me via CCTV cameras when I am in my hospital room. 

With universal roaming

I can access the NHS app, my health records, and test reports and be informed about my health at multiple locations.

Even if I live alone, I can use the Wi-Fi roaming services to report symptoms, call for help, track health parameters, tele-consult their healthcare provider, watch videos or engage in other recreational activities from multiple locations.

I can virtually consult a doctor from multiple locations based on the symptom I have; I have access to specialists across the NHS. I do not have to wait long hours to meet the doctor or access care. I can even be triaged using questionnaires even before reaching the waiting room. During emergencies, I am attended to faster, and I feel the overall management of care at all levels is better and that resource availability is improved. 

I can stay in touch via calls and videos to loved ones and carers can also monitor me wherever I go via CCTV cameras wherever I am in the hospital.

With no roaming

Most equipment such as hospital beds and diagnostic devices are confined to certain locations in the healthcare facility. It cannot be moved around easily. Staff need to locate these devices manually if it is needed elsewhere.

Vitals and other patient data are captured in healthcare facilities using devices. This data is then manually populated into the patient’s electronic medical records.

Equipment that is unmanned can be easily accessed by unauthorised personnel. This can potentially lead to a breach of patient privacy and confidentiality. 

With limited roaming 

Most equipment such as hospital beds and diagnostic devices have more freedom to be transported between locations in the healthcare facility. Staff can locate these devices using Wi-Fi tags if it is needed elsewhere. 

Remote monitoring equipment can be used to track the health parameters of patients in NHS/ICB settings and relay this information automatically to the electronic health record of the patient.

Equipment can be used only by authorised personnel. Data privacy and confidentiality can be maintained in select locations. 

With universal roaming

Wireless equipment can seamlessly roam between access points without any interruption in the connectivity. Staff can locate these devices using Wi-Fi tags if it is needed elsewhere.

The equipment can move about within and outside a facility without having to be reconfigured. This is useful in emergency situations and in community settings and ambulances.

Remote monitoring equipment can be used to track the health parameters of patients in community settings and relay this information automatically to the electronic health record of the patient.

Equipment can be used only by authorised personnel. Data privacy and confidentiality can be maintained irrespective of the device location 

With no roaming

As a doctor, I want to be connected to other healthcare specialists and providers not only within the hospital settings. This will help me plan my patient’s care better and collaborate with the right people without wasting time.

As a nurse, I want to have access to clinical systems and patient records irrespective of where I am. This will help me enhance patient care and communicate with colleagues easily.

As a doctor, I would like to know the status of the patient being transported via ambulance to the facility. This will help me plan their treatment better and organise the needed resources, saving crucial time.

With limited roaming 

I will be connected to healthcare specialists and providers in certain hospitals/areas of the hospital where Wi-Fi connectivity is present.

I can access clinical systems and patient records in select locations within the hospital.

I cannot track the status of the patient until he reaches the facility premises.

With universal roaming

I will be connected to healthcare specialists and providers across the NHS/ICS, irrespective of where I am.

I have better access to clinical systems and EMR wherever I am in the facility and can also share data securely/collaborate with other specialists from any NHS/ICB location.

I can track the patient’s status right from the moment he enters the ambulance to the moment he exits it. I can also guide the paramedic if need be

With no roaming

The facility has areas of multiple black spots and disrupted connectivity.

Reduced collaboration and extension of care to community settings.

Increased paperwork and manual work, thereby, increasing resources and compromising processes.

Increased costs of infrastructure and resources.

Average patient outcomes, streamlining of care and overall patient experience

With limited roaming 

Fewer areas of black spots or disrupted connectivity within and outside the facility.

Enhanced communication and collaboration between different teams and specialists, seamless extension of care to select areas within the NHS/ICB settings.

Faster response times and decreased waiting time of patients due to automated processes and reduced errors.

Reduced costs of infrastructure and resources.

Better patient outcomes and experience. Care is streamlined across some levels.

With universal roaming

No black spots or areas of disrupted connectivity across NHS/ICB facilities.

Enhanced communication and collaboration between different teams and specialists across NHS/ICB facilities, seamless extension of care to multiple areas within community settings.

Faster response times and decreased waiting time of patients due to automated processes and reduced errors.

Reduced costs of infrastructure and resources.

Best patient outcomes and experience. Care is streamlined across all levels.